School of Economics

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Browsing School of Economics by Subject "Agriculture"
  • Item
    Effect of climate variability on yields of major crops grown in Odisha, India
    ( 2020-04-01) Senapati, Asis Kumar ; Goyari, Phanindra
    This paper examines the impact of climate variables such as temperature and rainfall on the yields of selected major crops in Odisha during the period 1980-81 to 2014-15. Rice, gram, groundnut, maize, potato and sugarcane are major crops included in the study along with total cereals, total foodgrains, total oilseeds and total pulses. The study has used the Random Effect Method, Panel Corrected Standard Error, and Arellano-Bond estimation to identify the crucial determinants of crop yields on panel data of 13 districts. The regression results have reinforced that crop yields of the selected crops are susceptible to climate change. The study has shown that almost all the principal crops grown in the state are highly sensitive to changes in rainfall and temperature. Both these variables have some effects (+/-) on the yield of all crops. It is also observed that the rainfall has significant positive effects on the yields of all the selected crops under study. In case of temperature, we observed mixed results for the selected crops under study. But the extent of increase in the temperature appears to be more harmful for the crop yields. Both irrigation intensity and time trend variable appear to have significant effect on crop y6ield across districts of Odisha. Thus, the findings of the study have important policy implications.
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    Impact of mining on agricultural productivity: A case study of the Indian State of Orissa
    ( 2008-12-01) Mishra, Prajna Paramita ; Pujari, Ayan Kumar
    This article attempts to analyze agricultural productivity in a coal mining region of Orissa. Our analysis focuses on paddy production, as this is the main produce in the study region. Fisher and Tornqvist indices are used to analyze the study. A number of t-tests are performed to examine whether the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) pattern in mining villages is different from that in the control villages. Our analysis provides evidence that there is loss in agricultural productivity due to mining activities. Apart from this, we observe a shift in livelihood from agriculture to mining related work. This social change is an indicator of rural development in the mining area, in spite of a reduction in agricultural productivity. © 2008 Sage Publications.
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    Irrigation difference and productivity variations in paddy cultivation: Field evidences from Udalguri district of Assam
    ( 2014-01-01) Goyari, Phanindra
    Using field survey data∗ the paper examines the seasonal variation of irrigation facilities for cultivation of paddy with special emphasis on summer paddy in Assam Paddy is cultivated in three seasons: Autumn, winter and summer. In terms of acreage and production, winter rice has traditionally been the most dominant. However, the acreage shares of winter and autumn rice in total rice area have been declining continuously over the years. On the contrary, the importance of summer rice has been increasing in terms of acreage share and yield mainly since the last few decades. This trend has opened up a debate whether the summer season, being a flood fire season, can be made an important cropping season. Many farmers have adopted the risk aversion strategy of not using costly inputs like fertilisers, pesticides, improved seeds, etc. during kharif season for the fear that excess rainwater and floods would wash away. Field reports show that the availability/arrival of short duration new paddy varieties has enabled the farmers to adjust crop seasons and cultivate paddy in the three seasons of the year. While summer is a new emerging season for paddy cultivation, farmers face problems of scarcity of irrigation water due to scanty rainfall. Only those farmers were found cultivating summer paddy, whose plots had access to naturally flowing water ways and who can afford artificial means of irrigation through borewells and pumpsets. Therefore, the future plans on the development of irrigation potentials should give emphasis on the development of groundwater based on installation of shallow tubewells and borewells, construction of small dams on the naturally flowing vater ways, harvesting of rainwater during rainy season and also on controlling of floods for water management.